1. Basic Properties

Chemical Structure

Its chemical name is 2-[(2-furylmethyl)amino]-5-(sulfamoyl)-4-chlorobenzoic acid. This unique chemical structure gives it its unique pharmacological activity.

Physical Properties

It is typically a white or off-white crystalline powder. Odorless, almost tasteless. Insoluble in water, slightly soluble in ethanol, and soluble in acetone.

2. Pharmacological Actions

Diuretic Effect

Furosemide CAS 54319 primarily acts in the cortex and medulla of the thick ascending limb of the renal tubular loop of Henle, inhibiting active reabsorption of sodium chloride by the renal tubules. This increases the sodium chloride concentration in the tubular fluid, thereby reducing water reabsorption and producing a potent diuretic effect. It can rapidly increase urine output and promote the excretion of excess water and electrolytes (such as sodium, potassium, and chloride).

Hemodynamic Effects

Furosemide also dilates renal vasculature, reducing renal vascular resistance and increasing renal blood flow, which helps protect renal function while providing a diuretic. Furthermore, it can reduce peripheral vascular resistance to a certain extent, alleviating cardiac workload and significantly improving symptoms in patients with heart failure.

3. Clinical Applications

Edematous Diseases

Furosemide CAS 54319 is widely used to treat edema caused by congestive heart failure, cirrhosis, and renal diseases (such as nephritis and nephrotic syndrome). It effectively reduces edema symptoms, including dyspnea, ascites, and lower limb edema.

Hypertension

As an adjunctive therapy, it reduces blood volume through diuresis, thereby helping to lower blood pressure.

Hyperkalemia and Hypercalcemia

It promotes the excretion of potassium and calcium ions, thereby regulating electrolyte balance.

4. Precautions

Adverse Reactions

It may cause fluid and electrolyte imbalances, such as hypokalemia and hyponatremia. Therefore, electrolyte levels should be closely monitored during use. Ototoxic reactions such as tinnitus and hearing loss may also occur, especially with high doses or prolonged use. Gastrointestinal reactions such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea may also occur.

Drug Interactions

Combined use with aminoglycoside antibiotics increases the risk of ototoxicity. Combination use with antihypertensive medications may enhance the antihypertensive effect, necessitating careful dosage adjustments. When using furosemide CAS 54319, inform your doctor of any other medications you are taking to avoid adverse drug interactions.